Student loans for bad credit: How can you get one with a poor credit score?

Having bad credit doesn't automatically prevent you from getting a student loan , although the options available can look very different depending on whether you apply for federal or private borrowing.

Experian defines bad credit as typically a FICO score of 579 or below, while Citizens notes that scores between 580 and 669 are generally considered fair.

Experian's guidance is reassuring for borrowers worried that a low score has closed the door completely.

"Yes, you can get student loans with bad credit. Federal student loans don't have a minimum credit score and most don't require a credit check at all."

Federal student loans can be easier with bad credit

Federal borrowing is usually the first place to look because Direct Subsidized and Direct Unsubsidized Loans don't use your credit score when determining eligibility.

Citizens explains: "Your credit score has no impact on whether you qualify for federal student loans."

Borrowers apply by completing the FAFSA each year they attend college.

Parent PLUS loans work differently. They do require a credit check, although Citizens says the review focuses on adverse credit history such as missed payments, bankruptcy or foreclosure rather than simply requiring a high score.

Experian similarly notes that federal loans offer "standardized interest rates," meaning borrowers don't receive a higher rate simply because their credit score is weaker.

Private student loans are harder to get

Private loans normally involve much more scrutiny.

Citizens says most private lenders look for a score in the mid 600s, adding that "bad or no credit loans exist, but you'll typically have a higher interest rate."

A cosigner can therefore become important.

Experian says: "Because a cosigner agrees to repay the loan if you can't, their creditworthiness can not only help you get approved but also secure more favorable loan terms."

Citizens makes the same point, noting that borrowers with limited or poor credit will "most likely" need a cosigner who satisfies the lender's requirements.

Some lenders may look beyond credit scores and consider academic performance, future career prospects or progress through a degree program.

But Experian warns that private options aimed at borrowers without a cosigner "tend to be very costly ways to borrow."

Both sources therefore point toward the same strategy: use federal aid first, then consider private loans only if necessary, ideally with a strong cosigner and after comparing terms carefully.